Africa my Africa

Original Poetry
Translation
Africa my Africa
Africa, my Africa
Africa of proud warriors in ancestral savannahs
Africa of brave fighters in old grasslands
Africa of whom my grandmother sings
Africa that my grandmother sings about
On the banks of the distant river
By the faraway river
I have never known you
I have never met you
But your blood flows in my veins
But your blood runs in my veins
Your beautiful black blood that irrigates the fields
Your beautiful black blood that waters the fields
The blood of your sweat
The blood from your hard work
The sweat of your work
The sweat from your labor
The work of your slavery
The labor from your enslavement
Africa, tell me Africa
Africa, tell me, Africa
Is this your back that is unbent
Is this your back that stands straight
This back that never breaks under the weight of humilation
This back that never breaks under the weight of shame
This back trembling with red scars
This back shaking with red scars
And saying no to the whip under the midday sun
And refusing the whip under the midday sun
But a grave voice answers me
But a serious voice answers me
Impetuous child that tree, young and strong
Eager child, that tree, young and strong
That tree over there
That tree over there
Splendidly alone amidst white and faded flowers
Magnificently alone among white and faded flowers
That is your Africa springing up anew
That is your Africa growing again
springing up patiently, obstinately
Growing patiently, stubbornly
Whose fruit bit by bit acquires
Whose fruit slowly gains
The bitter taste of liberty.
The bitter taste of freedom.
 

Explanation

David Diop's poem 'Africa my Africa' is a powerful tribute to the continent of Africa, reflecting on its history, struggles, and resilience. The poem begins with a personal connection to Africa, despite the speaker never having known it directly, highlighting the deep ancestral ties and shared blood. The imagery of 'proud warriors' and 'ancestral savannahs' evokes a sense of pride and heritage. The poem then shifts to the harsh realities of Africa's history, referencing the 'work of your slavery' and the 'back trembling with red scars,' symbolizing the suffering and oppression faced under colonial rule. Yet, the poem is not one of despair; it speaks of resilience and hope. The 'grave voice' and the metaphor of a 'young and strong' tree represent Africa's enduring spirit and potential for renewal. The poem concludes with the 'bitter taste of liberty,' acknowledging the hard-won freedom and the ongoing struggle for true liberation. Through vivid imagery and emotional depth, Diop captures the essence of Africa's past and its hopeful future.

Word Dictionary7

WordIn EnglishPlain (English)Pron.
savannahsgrasslandslarge open areas of grassland, especially in Africasuh-van-uhs
irrigateswaterssupplies water to help grow cropsir-i-geyts
humilationshamea feeling of being ashamed or embarrassedhyoo-mil-ee-ey-shuhn
impetuouseageracting quickly without thinkingim-pech-oo-uhs
splendidlymagnificentlyin a way that is impressive or beautifulsplen-did-lee
obstinatelystubbornlyin a way that is difficult to change or overcomeob-stuh-nit-lee
libertyfreedomthe state of being free within societylib-er-tee

Poet & Context

Era20th century, Négritude movement

David Mandessi Diop was a French West African poet known for his contribution to the Négritude literary movement. His work reflects his anti-colonial stance.

View on Wikipedia
When1950s
WhyThe poem reflects the anti-colonial sentiments prevalent during the Négritude movement, emphasizing African identity and resilience against colonial oppression.
FormFree verse

Themes & More

IdentityColonialismResilienceHeritage
Imagery: The poem uses vivid imagery to evoke the landscape and struggles of Africa.Metaphor: Africa is compared to a tree, symbolizing growth and resilience.Personification: Africa is given human attributes, such as having a 'back' and 'blood.'Repetition: The word 'Africa' is repeated to emphasize the central theme.
Africa my Africa by David Diop — Poem, Translation & Meaning