Africa my Africa

Original Poetry
Translation
Africa my Africa
Africa, my Africa
Africa of proud warriors in ancestral savannahs
Africa of brave fighters in ancient grasslands
Africa of whom my grandmother sings
Africa that my grandmother sings about
On the banks of the distant river
By the faraway river
I have never known you
I have never met you
But your blood flows in my veins
But your blood runs in my veins
Your beautiful black blood that irrigates the fields
Your beautiful black blood that waters the land
The blood of your sweat
The blood from your sweat
The sweat of your work
The sweat from your labor
The work of your slavery
The labor from your enslavement
Africa, tell me Africa
Africa, tell me, Africa
Is this your back that is unbent
Is this your back that is unbending
This back that never breaks under the weight of humilation
This back that never breaks under shame
This back trembling with red scars
This back shaking with red scars
And saying no to the whip under the midday sun
And refusing the whip under the midday sun
But a grave voice answers me
But a serious voice replies to me
Impetuous child that tree, young and strong
Reckless child, that tree, young and strong
That tree over there
That tree over there
Splendidly alone amidst white and faded flowers
Magnificently alone among white and faded flowers
That is your Africa springing up anew
That is your Africa rising anew
springing up patiently, obstinately
rising patiently, stubbornly
Whose fruit bit by bit acquires
Whose fruit gradually gains
The bitter taste of liberty.
The bitter taste of freedom.
 

Explanation

David Diop's poem 'Africa my Africa' is a powerful reflection on the poet's connection to Africa, despite never having been there. It begins with a nostalgic invocation of Africa, described through the lens of ancestral pride and the songs of his grandmother. The poem acknowledges the historical suffering and resilience of African people, symbolized by the 'beautiful black blood' that nourishes the land, and the 'sweat' and 'work' that speak to the legacy of slavery. Diop questions Africa's strength and resilience, personified as an unbending back that withstands humiliation and refuses to succumb to oppression. The poem concludes with a hopeful image of Africa as a young and strong tree, symbolizing renewal and the gradual achievement of freedom, despite the bitter struggle. The poem is a testament to the enduring spirit and identity of Africa, emphasizing themes of heritage, resistance, and liberation.

Word Dictionary9

WordIn EnglishPlain (English)Pron.
savannahsgrasslandslarge open plains with grass and few treessuh-van-uhs
ancestralrelated to ancestorspertaining to family members from the pastan-ses-truhl
irrigateswaterssupplies water to land for growing cropsir-i-geyts
humilationshamefeeling ashamed or disgracedhyoo-mil-ee-ey-shuhn
impetuousrecklessacting quickly without thought or careim-pech-oo-uhs
obstinatelystubbornlyrefusing to change one's opinion or course of actionob-stuh-nit-lee
libertyfreedomthe state of being free within societylib-er-tee
splendidlymagnificentlyin a way that is impressive or beautifulsplen-did-lee
tremblingshakingshaking involuntarily, typically as a result of anxiety or excitementtrem-bling

Poet & Context

Era20th century

David Mandessi Diop was a French West African poet known for his contribution to the Négritude literary movement. His work reflects his anti-colonial stance.

View on Wikipedia
WhenMid-20th century
WhyThe poem reflects Diop's connection to Africa and his anti-colonial stance, emphasizing the struggle and resilience of African people under colonial rule.
FormFree verse

Themes & More

HeritageIdentityResistanceFreedom
Imagery: Vivid descriptions of Africa and its people.Personification: Africa is given human-like qualities, such as an unbending back.Symbolism: The tree symbolizes renewal and hope.Repetition: Emphasizes the connection and struggle of Africa.
Africa my Africa by David Diop — Poem, Translation & Meaning