Africa my Africa,

David DiopEnglish25 lines1 public analyses
Original Poetry
Translation
Africa my Africa,
Africa, my Africa,
Africa of proud warriors in the ancestral savannahs,
Africa of proud warriors in the old grasslands,
Africa my grandmother sings of
Africa my grandmother sings about
Beside her distant river
Beside her faraway river
I have never seen you
I have never seen you
But my gaze is full of your blood
But my eyes are full of your blood
Your black blood spilt over the fields.
Your black blood spilled on the fields.
The blood of your sweat
The blood from your sweat
The sweat of your toil
The sweat from your hard work
The toil of slavery
The hard work from slavery
The slavery of your children.
The slavery of your children.
Africa, tell me Africa,
Africa, tell me Africa,
Are you the back that bends
Are you the back that bends
Lies don under the weight of humbleness?
Lies down under the weight of humility?
The trembling back striped red
The trembling back marked red
That, says yes to the sjambok on the roads of noon?
That says yes to the whip on the roads at noon?
Solemnly a voice answers me
Solemnly a voice answers me
Impetuous child, that young and sturdy tree
Eager child, that young and strong tree
That tree that grows
That tree that grows
There splendidly alone among white and faded flowers
There beautifully alone among white and faded flowers
Is Africa, your Africa. It puts forth new shoots
Is Africa, your Africa. It grows new branches
With patience and stubbornness puts forth new shoots
With patience and determination grows new branches
Slowly its fruits grow to have
Slowly its fruits grow to have
The bitter taste of liberty
The bitter taste of
3
freedom
 

Explanation

David Diop's poem 'Africa My Africa' is a powerful reflection on the African continent's history and identity. The poem begins with a personal connection to Africa, despite the speaker's physical distance from it. The imagery of 'proud warriors' and 'black blood spilt over the fields' evokes the continent's rich history and the suffering endured through colonization and slavery. The poem questions Africa's identity, asking if it is defined by submission and suffering. However, a hopeful voice responds, symbolizing Africa as a resilient tree that continues to grow and thrive despite adversity. This tree represents the enduring spirit and potential for freedom and growth within Africa. The poem is a celebration of African heritage and a call for liberation, reflecting Diop's anti-colonial sentiments and his involvement in the Négritude movement, which sought to reclaim African identity and pride.

Word Dictionary11

WordIn EnglishPlain (English)Pron.
savannahsgrasslandslarge open areas of grassland, typically in Africasuh-van-uhs
ancestralheritage-relatedrelated to family historyan-ses-truhl
gazelooka steady or intent lookgayz
toilhard workhard worktoyl
sjambokwhipa heavy whip made from rhinoceros or hippopotamus hidesham-bok
impetuousrecklessacting quickly without thought or careim-pet-yoo-uhs
sturdystrongstrongly builtstur-dee
splendidlymagnificentlyin a magnificent or impressive mannersplen-did-lee
fadeddimmedhaving lost brightness or colorfay-did
stubbornnessdeterminationnot giving upstub-ern-ness
libertyfreedomthe state of being free within societylib-er-tee

Poet & Context

Era20th century, Négritude movement

David Mandessi Diop was a French West African poet known for his contribution to the Négritude literary movement. His work reflects his anti-colonial stance.

View on Wikipedia
When20th century
WhyThe poem reflects the anti-colonial sentiments and the struggle for African identity and independence during the Négritude movement.
FormFree verse

Themes & More

African identityColonialismResilienceFreedom
Imagery: Vivid descriptions of Africa's landscape and history.Metaphor: Africa is compared to a tree that grows and thrives.Personification: Africa is given human qualities, such as speaking.Symbolism: The tree represents growth, resilience, and hope.
Africa my Africa, by David Diop — Poem, Translation & Meaning